Liangzhu Culture emerged before Hemudu Culture

Liangzhu Cultural Site is located in Liangzhu Town, Yuhang District, 18 kilometers north of Hangzhou. The most distinctive feature of the Liangzhu site is the jade artifacts unearthed. Jade articles excavated from tombs include bis, congs, yue, huangs, crown-shaped articles, trident-shaped jade articles, jade bracelets, jade tubes, jade beads, jade pendants, cylindrical jade articles, cone-shaped jade articles, jade belts and rings, etc. In addition, the pottery is also quite detailed. After more than half a century of archaeological investigation and excavation, it has been initially determined that the ruins are distributed in the Taihu Lake area. In the three towns of Liangzhu, Anxi, and Pingyao in Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, there are more than 50 Liangzhu cultural sites with the Mojiaoshan site as the core. There are various relics such as villages, cemeteries, and altars. They are rich in connotation, broad in scope, and densely packed with sites. The pottery of the Liangzhu Culture is mainly gray and black pottery with fine sand and clay pottery with gray body and black leather. The large number and exquisite craftsmanship of jade articles such as Cong and Bi were unprecedented in other cultures of the same period. The stone tools are exquisitely polished, and new shapes such as triangular plows, slant-handled knives, "field tools", half-moon knives, sickles, and stepped adzes appear. 1. Stone tools The unearthed stone tools include axes, chisels, adzes, sickles, arrowheads, spears, perforated axes, perforated knives, etc., which are exquisitely polished; especially the use of stone plows, indicating that the plowing stage had already entered at that time. Newly emerged shapes include triangular plows, slant-handled knives, "field cultivators", half-moon knives, sickles and stepped adzes. 2. Pottery Among the unearthed pottery, the most distinctive ones are clay-gray polished black-skin pottery, mainly gray-black pottery with fine sand and clay-gray-bore black leather pottery. The wheel system is more common, and the walls of the vessels are generally thin. Most of the vessels are plain and polished, and a few have fine carved patterns and holes. Ring-footed and three-legged devices are more popular. Representative utensil shapes include fin-shaped or T-shaped tripods with legs, bamboo-shaped handles, ear-piercing pots, large round feet with shallow belly plates, wide handles with flowing cups, etc. 3. Jade: Many jade articles have been discovered, including bis, congs, huangs, pendants, rings, beads, etc. Most of them were unearthed in tombs. According to carbon 14 dating of the cultural relics unearthed from the relevant sites, they date from about 5,300 to 4,200 years ago, and have lasted for thousands of years. 4. Silk fabrics In the late 1950s, textile remains belonging to the Liangzhu Culture were unearthed from the Qianshanyang site in Huzhou, including silk threads, linen cloth, and even more amazingly, a piece of textile identified as the earliest "silk fabric". The material was reeled domestic silk, and its warp and weft density reached 120 threads per square inch. This shows that the Liangzhu civilization has mastered quite developed silkworm raising and textile technologies. It is said in ancient books that the ancestor of sericulture and weaving was Leizu, the Yellow Emperor's concubine. Judging from the discovery, the birthplace of silk weaving technology is probably the Liangzhu Culture in Southeast China. 5. Ding During the Pottery Age, three-legged tripods were not popular in the Central Plains, but the shape of the tripod was very common in the excavations in Liangzhu. The use of the tripod in its sacrifices has begun to take shape in the later Central Plains ritual system. Writer---Ms. Li 18143451070 Reminder: Do not rush to remit money or pay a deposit before seeing the actual object to avoid being cheated.